異鄉人

Can the Nordic model be replicated? Perhaps, but not easily. The authors also note that the Nordic countries have small populations, are very homogenous, "with a preference for equality, inclusion and collective action". Most also have a long history of political dominance by social democratic parties. Those cultural and political characteristics, and the institutional complementarities that go with the Nordic economic and social model, will make it harder to export key elements elsewhere, particularly in anglo-saxon countries.

This "renewal strategy", sums up Thomas Östros, is composed of three components: (1) an openness to competition and the forces of change; (2) a massive drive to support innovation, universities, and research; and (3) a state that remains strong, but that has been completely retailored [adapté].