August 22,2006
Colm Tóibín:大師

《大師》(The Master)是Colm Tóibín(柯姆‧托賓)的作品。
Colm Tóibín 是愛爾蘭作家,曾任記者,後專職寫作。他的第一本小說是 The South (1990), 背景是1950s的愛爾蘭和西班牙, is the story of an Irish woman who leaves her husband and starts a relationship with a Spanish painter. The South 入選為the Whitbread First Novel Award 的決選名單,並贏得了the Irish Times Irish Literature Prize for First Book.
他的第二本小說則是The Heather Blazing (1992),其中的主角Eamon Redmond 是愛爾蘭高等法院的法官, haunted by his own past and the history of modern Ireland. The Heather Blazing 贏得了 the Encore Award for the best second novel of the year.
Colm Tóibín近期的小說則有 The Blackwater Lightship (1999), describes the uneasy relationship between a grandmother, her daughter and granddaughter, brought together by a family tragedy. 這本書入圍了1999年的布克獎決選名單。
至於《大師》(The Master),描述美國小說家Henry James的創作低潮期,則不但入圍2004年的布克獎決選名單,也被《紐約時報》選為The 10 Best Books of 2004,並得到2006國際IMPAC都柏林文學獎、2005法國最佳翻譯小說、《洛杉磯時報》年度最佳小說。
Colm Tóibín lives in Ireland. His latest book is a collection of short stories, Mothers and Sons (2006).
《大師》以第三人稱的寫作筆法,描繪了Henry James在創作出《慾望之翼》前五年的低潮期(1895-1899),Colm Tóibín從Henry James的劇作在倫敦首演失敗為切入點,細膩地剖析Henry James的內心世界,包含他的家庭生活,神學家父親Henry James(1811-1882,他與父親同名),哲學家哥哥William James(1842-1910),及其終生為精神官能症所苦的妹妹Alice James,當然也包含了Henry James壓抑的同性戀傾向,以及他和美國小說家Constance Fenimore Woolson之間曖昧(親密又疏離)、長期的友誼(Constance後來自殺,James對此耿耿於懷)。
整體而言,英國《衛報》Adam Mars-Jones的評論還算中肯,他說:Tóibín has been wise about which elements to adopt, which to jettison. He borrows James's vocabulary and register, but not the whole manner. Above all, he abstains from the long sentence, which made so many of James's effects possible - the oracular murmur, the air of paralysed scruple, the flaunted subtlety (God, how the man could badger a nuance). There was always wit in James, but the long sentence drowned it.Those long sentences were tracts of prose in which James could play, sing and spout like a frock-coated whale, or else disappear inside a cloud of his own secreted ink like a giant squid of New England gentility. We shall not read their like again, with any luck. At the beginning of the book, Tóibín can only be at a disadvantage, since his writing is so much thinner in texture than the original, but long before its end he has achieved a triumph on his own terms.
(評論全文請見:http://books.guardian.co.uk/reviews/generalfiction/0,,1154220,00.html#article_continue)
其實這本書單單看熱鬧,就已經夠讓人暈眩。
沒錯,裡頭實在是「眾星雲集」!
例如,Oscar Wilde(王爾德,因同性戀被判刑),以及當其時為王爾德辯護的葉慈、或是告誡王爾德的蕭伯納。(Adam Mars-Jones對王爾德的形容詞很有趣,他形容王爾德是a self-destructive butterfly,大家參考一下囉!)
此外,愛默生、喬治‧艾略特、拜倫、雪萊也都在裡面「串場」。
至於Henry James其人,他在紐約市出生,但長年居住在歐洲,其小說創作可分為三個時期:第一階段,主要關心美國生活對古老歐洲文明的影響;第二階段,專寫英國題材的故事;第三階段,回復到表現英美兩國的情況。黛絲.米勒(Daisy Miller)是他1878年的作品,他的其作品包括《奉使記》(The Ambassadors, 1903)、《美國人》(The American,1877) 、《歐洲人》(The Europeans,1878)、《貴婦的肖像》(The Portrait of a Lady, 1881)、《華盛頓廣場》(Washington Square,1881)等等。
目前台灣已出版的中文譯本有:《戴絲‧米勒》、《一位女士的畫像》、《亨利‧詹姆斯中篇小說選》及《碧爐冤孽》。
(建議參考維基自由百科:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_James)
以下是Colm Tóibín的獲獎記錄:
1991 Irish Times Irish Literature Prize for First Book The South
1992 Encore Award The Heather Blazing
1994 Waterstone's/Volvo/Esquire Non-Fiction Book Award (shortlist) The Sign of the Cross: Travels in Catholic Europe
1995 E. M. Forster Award (American Academy of Arts and Letters)
1998 Ferro-Grumley Award for Lesbian and Gay Fiction The Story of the Night
1999 Booker Prize for Fiction (shortlist) The Blackwater Lightship
2001 International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award (shortlist) The Blackwater Lightship
2004 Man Booker Prize for Fiction (shortlist) The Master
2005 British Book Awards Literary Fiction Award (shortlist) The Master
2005 Los Angeles Times Book Prize (Fiction) The Master
2005 Prix du Meilleur Livre Étranger (France) The Master
2005 WH Smith Literary Award (shortlist) The Master
2006 International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award The Master
引用URL
--- 由一位同志作家寫作家壓抑的同志情懷,確實細膩很多。
